Post+1945+Era

= =
 * 1) =Postwar Trials =
 * 2) After World War II, international courts conducted trials of accused war criminals

> • On December 17, 1942, the leaders of the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union issued the first joint declaration officially noting the mass murder of European Jews and resolving to prosecute those responsible for crimes against civilian populations > • Moscow Declaration stated that at the time of an armistice persons deemed responsible for war crimes would be sent back to those countries in which the crimes had been committed and judged according to the laws of the nation they came from > • The best known of the postwar war crimes trials, took place in Nuremberg (the Nuremberg Trials, below), Germany, before judges representing the Allied powers. > • The Nuremburg Trials - > o A series of trials held by the main Allied forces of World War II > o Are often known as the Subsequent Nuremberg Trials > • Between October 18, 1945, and October 1, 1946, the IMT tried 22 "major" war criminals on charges of crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity > • The IMT sentenced three defendants to life imprisonment and four to prison terms ranging from 10 to 20 years > • Leading German officials were tried before the International Military Tribunal (IMT) in Nuremberg, Germany > o The IMT consisted of judges from Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States  >  <span style="color: #00ffff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 335.936%; text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 155.52%; text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 186.624%; text-align: left;"> A picture of a displaced person camp in 1947
 * 1) =<span style="color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 276%; text-align: left;">Displaced Persons Camps =
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Bad conditions in Camps
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">When the war ended, there were millions of Jews and non-Jews with nowhere to go because they were stuck in concentration camps.
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">The camps for those displaced persons were in Belgium, France, Italy, and Germany, unusually on the sites of disbanded concentration camps.
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">The displaced person camps continued on the humiliating practices of Nazis, guarded by barbed wire for all to see.
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Nutrition, sanitary standards, and accommodations were poor.
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Some were lodged in public buildings and banned houses
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Reform for Camps
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Because food, medical supplies, and clothing were necessary, they were provided by United Nations Rehabilitation and Relief Administration (UNRRA)
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">By the end of 1945, Jewish welfare organizations took over the relief effort for the displaced <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 144%; text-align: left;">persons.
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Good Conditions
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #7c00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) helped the relief effort by <span style="color: #7c00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 144%;">providing aid for Jews in emergency, provided care for children, made hospitals, and schools to help prepare youth for their job of choice.
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">The Society for Rehabilitation and Training (ORT) made schools and provided additional training programs.
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">People who wanted to live in Palestine could go to Zionist organizations and Kibbutzim to learn Hebrew and farming skills.
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Camps provided so much for displaced persons that started functioning as their own communities. In these camps, culture flourished.
 * <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">People liked the camps so much, that some actually stayed in the camps before they were admitted their choice countries.

> <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #7c00ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 129.6%; text-align: left;">Resources http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/Exhibitions/orphans/english/themes/dpcamps/page2.html http://israelvets.com/story_aliyahbet_machal.html <span style="color: #7c00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 108%;"> <span style="color: #7c00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%;">
 * 1) =<span style="color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 276%; text-align: left;">Emigration =
 * <span style="color: #7900ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Many Jewish people after the war moved to the newly founded state of Israel.
 * <span style="color: #7900ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Also, many Jews emigrated to the United States.
 * <span style="color: #7900ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">They mainly settled in major cities such as New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, etc.
 * <span style="color: #7900ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Zionism, a political movement that called for the creation of a state of Israel, among other things, gained influence after World War II.
 * <span style="color: #7900ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">After the war, when some of the Jewish population settled in Israel, they were met with resistance by the Arab countries bordering it.
 * <span style="color: #7900ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Another Jewish diaspora, the spreading of Jews all around the world, occurred after the Holocaust.
 * <span style="color: #7900ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">After Israel's creation, it was surrounded by mostly Arab countries who were against the creation of it.
 * <span style="color: #7900ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">There was a group of people, the displaced, who were created after WWII. Many of the displaced Jews moved to Israel and America.